{"id":831,"date":"2021-02-09T22:18:48","date_gmt":"2021-02-09T16:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agribusinessedu.com\/?p=831"},"modified":"2021-02-09T22:18:48","modified_gmt":"2021-02-09T16:18:48","slug":"what-are-l-c-operating-processes-under-structured-customs-and-practices-and-documentary-credit-ucpdc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agribusinessedu.com\/what-are-l-c-operating-processes-under-structured-customs-and-practices-and-documentary-credit-ucpdc\/","title":{"rendered":"What are L\/C operating processes under structured customs and practices and documentary credit (UCPDC)?"},"content":{"rendered":"
L\/C operating processes under structured customs and practices and documentary credit (UCPDC) in Agribusiness is usually an essential procedure. <\/span>Bangladesh’s export strategy is formulated by the Ministry of Commerce to provide the Ministry of Commerce with the Overall advice and export promotion rewards. The decision has been made to formulate this strategy is intended to span a three-year cycle to make the five plans contemporary and to provide the policy regime with consistency. The policy will, however, be valid until another export program has been revealed. The government can review this Policy once, if necessary, once in every year, and can determine as deemed necessary.<\/span><\/p>\n The most significant document for the settlement of a foreign transaction is a letter of credit. It is essentially a promise provided by a bank, at the behest of its customer, to make payment to a third party, known as the beneficiary, for products delivered or services rendered in accordance with the conditions stated. Both aspects of the letter of credit should be carefully studied by the staff to prevent any controversy, uncertainty, and conflicts with customers and about correspondents.<\/span><\/p>\n L\/C is referred to as the documentary letter of credit because the issuing bank’s undertaking is subject to the presentation of some stated documents.<\/span><\/p>\n The well-accepted and most widely used means of credit are letters of credit about payment. It is an undertaking for payment to the beneficiary by the issuing bank, upon presentation of certain stated documents and fulfillment of the terms and conditions referred to in the letter of credit.<\/span><\/p>\n Letter of credit is a letter issued by a bank favoring the supplier of products at the instance of its client, in which the issuing bank undertakes to make a payment, as stated in the letter, upon submission of certain documents. Bank-issued letters of credit promote exchange between two parties, both at the national and international levels.<\/span><\/p>\n As an intermediary between two trading parties located in two distant locations, commercial banks play an important role.<\/span><\/p>\n Suppose, for instance, that the purchaser of such goods is in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and that the seller of the same goods is in the USA. The buyer and the seller do not know each other, and the seller would therefore request payment in advance for the goods to be delivered to the buyer. On the other hand, the buyer thinks that making advance payments to the overseas seller he does not know will not be wise for him.<\/span><\/p>\n Under these conditions, unless there is an intermediary who can bridge the lack of confidence between the buyer and the seller, no exchange can take place. This intermediary will play the role of the commercial bank and encourage trust between the two parties. This can be achieved in favor of the seller by issuing an LC at the instance of the buyer.<\/span><\/p>\n The issuing bank undertakes to pay the price of the shipment to the seller, provided that the seller submits, through the seller’s bank, the shipment and other title documents as stipulated in the LC. Often known as Documentary Credit, this kind of letter of credit. The buyer is regarded as the importer of goods when an LC is given on behalf of foreign trade and the seller is called the exporter of goods.<\/span><\/p>\n Commercial banks worldwide issue credit letters and the modalities for issuing documentary credits are subject to the requirements of the International Chamber of Commerce’s Standard Customs and Practices for Documentary Credits (UCPDC) (ICC). UCPDC provisions are general in all countries, and LC business is handled by all commercial banks in compliance with UCPDC guidelines.<\/span><\/p>\n It is important to keep in mind that commercial banks deal with documents and not the underlying goods under letters of credit. If the documents are solely in accordance with the terms of the LC, the issuing bank shall, irrespective of the condition of the goods, make a payment to the seller’s bank.<\/span><\/p>\n There are several parties involved in an international LC transaction and they are scattered around various countries. They work within various legal frameworks and jurisdictions. The settlement, by normal legal channels, of any conflict resulting from the terms and conditions of the LC which pose difficulties.<\/span><\/p>\n It was against this backdrop that, at the behest of the ICC, the codification and publication of a common set of rules applicable to all documentary credits, regardless of which bank provided them, was framed. From time to time, the text, known as the UCPDC, is updated. In order to ensure that documentary credit is protected by the UCPDC regulations, it is important to declare to the body of the LC that it is being given according to the UCPDC provisions.<\/span><\/p>\n In running the Documentary Letter of Credit, the following five main measures are involved:<\/span><\/p>\n Until issuing L\/C, a ‘sales contract’ providing for payment by documentary credit is entered into by the buyer and seller located in separate countries. The buyer then instructs the bank-the issuing bank-to issue a credit in favor of the seller or beneficiary, as per the seller’s requirement. Instructions\/requests for issuing a loan should be made in the normal form of the issuing bank by the purchaser (importer). The loan application, which includes the complete details of the planned loan, also serves as an arrangement between the bank and the purchaser. The issuance then continues to open the credit to be addressed to the benefit after being persuaded of the requirements found in the application form.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0Advising through a bank is evidence of the credit’s obvious credibility to the seller. The credit advisory process consists of submitting the original credit to the receiver to whom it is sent. Until forwarding, the advisory bank is required to check the signatures of the issuing bank’s officers and to ensure that the terms and conditions of the credit are not in breach of current exchange control regulations and other export regulations. No liability is borne by the advisory bank in such an act of advice. The advising bank can, however, use the services of another bank (the second advising bank) to inform the recipient of the loan and of any changes to the recipient.<\/span><\/p>\n The beneficiaries are not always willing to depend on the issuing bank’s credit standing, especially when the beneficiary is unaware of the bank. Consequently, the recipient may request that the borrower advise the issuing bank to have its loan checked by the certifying bank, typically in the country of the recipient. In addition, the parties involved in L\/C, particularly the seller and the buyer, are not always able to fulfill the full terms and conditions as anticipated for some real and obvious reasons. The credit should be amended in such a case. However, without the consent of the issuing bank, the confirming bank (if any), and the beneficiary, a credit cannot be changed or canceled.<\/span><\/p>\n In order to deliver the requested goods to the buyer, the seller is satisfied with the terms and conditions of the credit proceeds and must subsequently submit to the issuing or nominated bank, on or before the specified expiry date of the credit, documents showing the dispatch of the goods and satisfying other terms and conditions of the L\/C. The issuing or nominated bank checks the documents against the credit after obtaining all the documents. The bank will honor or bargain if the papers are found to be complying.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0Here the presenter\/beneficiary submits to the nominated or issuing bank the documents and then the bank scrutinizes the documents. If happy, the nominated or issuing bank makes payment to the beneficiary and in case this bank is other than the issuing bank, then sends the documents to the issuing bank. If the issuing bank meets the criteria, the payment is received from the issuing bank by the nominated bank.<\/span><\/p>\n Under this agreement, the recipient\/submitter shall send to the nominated\/issuing bank the documents followed by a draft drawn on the bank (where the credit is available) at the stated tenor. The bank approves the documents and the draft after satisfaction with the documents, and if the bank is other than the issuing bank, then sends the documents to the issuing bank indicating that the draft has been approved, and the refund will be received in a pre-agreed manner at maturity.<\/span><\/p>\n This settlement process begins with the presentation to the nominated bank of the documents by the recipient\/presenter followed by a draft drawn up by the issuing bank or by some other drawee, either in sight or in tenor, as stated in the credit. The bank will buy the drafts and\/or papers, advance or consent to advance funds on or before repayment is due, after scrutinizing that the documents satisfy the credit criteria. This bank then sends to the issuing bank the documents and the drafts. As normal, reimbursement will be issued in the manner decided beforehand.<\/span><\/p>\n A list of the contents of each box, carton, etc., and other relevant information is needed for a comprehensive packing list. This refers to the provisions of the Documentary Credit.<\/span><\/p>\nMeaning of the credit letter (LC):<\/span><\/h4>\n
Operations of Documentary Letter of Credit<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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Issuing a Letter of credit:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Letter of Credit Advising:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Credit Confirmation and Amendment:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Submission of documents:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Payment settlement:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Acceptance settlements:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Settlement by negotiation:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Popular documents under the Letter of Credit Documentary:<\/span><\/h4>\n
Bill of Exchange\/draft:<\/span><\/h4>\n
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Bill of Lading (B\/L):\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n
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Commercial invoice:\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n
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Certificate of origin<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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Certificate of Inspection<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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List for Packing<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
Document for Insurance<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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Uniform Customs and documentary credit activities<\/span><\/h4>\n