Commercial Gerbera Cultivation Technique is an important part of Agribusiness. A very important commercial flower from the Zarbera Astaressi family. The flower is named after The African environmentalist Trogot Zarber. It is one of the 10 flowers notable as a cut flower (Cut flower) in the international flower trade and is not paired with Gerbera to keep it fresh in the vase for long.
caste
There are as many as 40 species under the genus Gerbera. Of these, the Gerbera Jamesoni species has been developed by the method of farming and hybridization of many varieties of Gerbera jamesonii. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute has invented two varieties of Zarbera Phool’s Bari Zarbera-1 and Bari Zarbera-2.
climate
Climate Gerbera grows more or less in hard-suffering trees and all kinds of climates. In tropical (Temperate) areas, it is advised to cultivate polysede in open areas and in temperate (Tropical) areas in greenhouses.
Controlled Environment (Protective condition)
in Bangladesh, Gerbera is cultivated in open fields or open spaces during winters. polysede is cultivated during summer. although farming in a controlled environment is high in cost, it is important to grow Gerbera in controlled environments to increase the quality and yield of flowers and protect them from pests. bright sunlight is helpful in the growth of the Gerberatree and the production of quality flowers. but light shade (30%) has to be provided for the production of improved flowers in the summer. the favorable day-time temperature in Gerbera cultivation is 16-200 c and night temperature is 10-120 c. flowers come to the tree at high temperatures, but the flowers are not as quality
soil:
Fertilised, fertile double-fibre or bele do-fibre soil is good for the cultivation of Gerbera. The pH value of the soil should be between 5.5-7.0. There should be a lot of organic manure in the land of Gerbera so a moderate quantity of dung fertilizer, leafy fertilizer, Cocodust etc. should be applied.
progeny:
(a) Through seeds (By seed)
Gerbera can be bred through seeds. the tree produced in this method does not maintain all the qualities of the mother tree, but the method is simple. the advantage of this method is that the chances of infection of diseases through seeds are low.
(b) Division (Division of clumps)
the clamp of the mother tree can be divided and bred. therefore, the well-established and fully grown trees of the field are divided into small parts with sharp knives.
The leaves and roots of the said sakar (Sucker) are lightly pruned (Pruning) and later installed in the new bed (Bed).
(c) Micropropaganda (Micropropagation)
The above methods are not very useful in commercial farming. The tissue culture method is best for getting a large number of disease-free Gerbera saplings in a short time. For this, the right breed has to be selected first. Later, it is possible to produce numerous saplings by repeated sub-culture (Sub-culture) by taking the increased tip of the stem (growing shoot tips), flower twenty (Flower bud), leaves (Leaf), etc. as an implant (Explants).
Farming (Cultivation)
(a) Land making (Land preparation)
the land has to be given a lot of organic manure. then the land has to be constructed by fine tilth making a few pieces of cultivation in a row, deep and horizontally and long, 40-45 cm. as a result, all organic manure will mix beautifully with the soil
(b) Bed making (Bed preparation)
for Gerbera, the height of the bed is 20 cm and the width is 1.0-1.2 m. in order to prevent waterlogging in the field, there should be a 50 cm drainage drain between the two beds. generally, since flowers are extracted for 2 years in a phased manner by applying it, one has to keep a watchful eye on the land and bed making.
(c) Planting of saplings (Planting)
When the bed (Bed) is formed, the sakars (Sucker) should be planted at a distance of 50 cm from the row and the tree by 40 cm. The saplings should be placed on the ground in such a way that the charar crown (Crown or Central growing point) is on top of the soil (Surface level). If the Crown goes underground, the possibility of root rot (Foot rot) disease remains.
(d) Time of installation (A planting time)
Gerbera can be planted throughout the year but saplings should usually be planted in October-November to get better flowers and higher production.
(e) Watering (Irrigation)
It is better to provide flood irrigation (Flood Irrigation) instead of re-irrigation of light sprinklers (Sprinkler) by entering the roots of Gerbera deeper. During water irrigation, care should be taken not to create waterlogging. This is because waterlogging in the Gerbera field causes soilborne disease infections¦s¦. Again, when there is a shortage of water in the soil, the tree falls (Wilting), so the flower ingestion becomes smaller. For the convenience of ventilation, every time irrigation is done, the jo on the ground must actually break the upper hard lining (Hard crust) with a diagnosis.
(f) Fertilizers (Fertilization)
Gerbera is a fast-growing flower crop.
a moderate quantity of fertilizer should be applied at the specified time to ensure the growth of the tree and get the highest production from the tree. balanced fertilizers should be applied when new roots start growing after planting saplings.
10 tonnes of rotting/compost, 2 tonnes of cocoa dust, 350 kg urea, 250 kg tsp and 300 kg muret of potash, 165 kg gypsum, 12 kg of boric acid, and zinc oxide fertilizer should be applied per hectare. 10-15 days before planting sakar, the fertilizers other than rotdung/compost and urea should be mixed well with the soil 7-10 days in advance. half of urea fertilizer should be applied 25 days after planting the sakar and the remaining half of the fertilizer should be applied a little away around the base of the tree 45 days after planting the sakar. irrigation has to be given after the above application.
Disease sand pest management:
root rotten disease:
a type of soil-borne fungus attacks the disease. the growth of the tree is hampered when the disease is infected and eventually the entire tree dries up. applying saplings sterilizing the soil reduces the disease.
root-rind disease:
it is a soil-borne disease. as a result of this disease, the central part of the tree first wears black color and then rots. later leaves and flowers died.
remedies:
1. spraying redomil or diathen m-45 fungicides at 0.2% every 7-10 days yields good results.
2. the disease can be prevented by spraying topsin at 0.05% every 7-10 days.
powdery mildiu:
the disease is caused by the attack of two types of fungi. white powder appears to have been layered on a tree suffering from the disease.
remedies:
1. benomil 50wp is 0.01% and yields good results.
insects:
spider:
spider attacks are seen in dry and warm weather. its attack severely hampers the growth of leaves and cauliflower. the market price is not due to the unusual size and shape of the flower.
remedies:
1. the affected leaves should be collected and burnt at the beginning of the attack.
2. mix any spider killer such as vartimac or omite 57ec 1.5 ml per litre of water and spray it on the tree
it will be.
white fly insect:
white flies cause serious damage by sucking the juice of different parts of the tree. this insect spreads virus disease.
suppression:
1. using a sticky yellow trap.
2. soak 50 grams of semi-broken neem seeds in 1 litre of water for 12 hours and spray it 2-3 times in a row after 7-10 days.
3. from 10-15 days after planting saplings, esatap 75 (sp) and kumulus df should be mixed with 2 grams of water each and sprayed after 10-12 days.
Flowering (Harvesting)
Flowers are actually picked up in a synchronous position with two rows of disc florets (Disc floret) flower rods outside the fully developed Gerbera flower. Flowers are collected while cutting, keeping the wreath as long as possible. It is best to pick flowers in the morning or afternoon with sharp whips. After cutting the flowers, the flower rod should be immersed in an inch of water. Mixing a little sugar and a few drops of lemon juice with water keeps the flowers fresh.
Yield (Yield)
the yield is less or less in caste. however, 20-25 flowers can be collected annually per tree.
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